Practice and Non-Attachment
Patanjali has defined the ways in which our mind takes in the outside world: comprehension, misconception, imagination, deep sleep and memory. He says that these means of experiencing the outside world can be painful or painless; painful when we are deceived by our own minds and painless when we can see beyond these states of mind and recognize them for what they are.
How do we know if we perceive something correctly and are not being tricked my memory, imagination, sleepiness or misunderstanding? By practicing:
Y.S. I.12 Abhyasa vairagyabhyam tannirodah
The mind can reach the state of yoga through practice and detachment.
Y.S. I.13 Tatra sthitau yatnah abhyasah
Practice is the steadfast effort to still these fluctuations.
Y.S. I.14 Sa ta dirgakala nairantarya satkara asevitah drdhabhumih
This practice, performed for a long time, without interruption and with sincere devotion will become the rock you stand on.
There will always be a tendency to start practice with enthusiasm, energy and a desire for sudden results. But the continuing pressures of everyday life and the enormous resistance of the mind encourages us to succumb to human weaknesses. All of this is understandable, we all have these tendencies. These sutras emphasize the need to approach practice soberly with a positive, self-disciplined attitude and with a long-term view towards eventual success. (Remember the Malcom Gladwell book on mastery and how it takes 10,000 hours.)
Y.S. I.15 Drishta anusravika visaya vitrsnasya vasikara samjna vairagyam
Mastery is attained when even things read in scriptures are consciously let go of.
Y.S. I.16 Tatparam purusa khyateh guna vaitrsnyam
The purest consciousness is one that reflects indifference to the most subtle qualities.
This last sutra points to the addiction of the material world and it encourages us to practice our detachment to it. It is our preferences to pull in the things that we like and to push away the things we don’t like that create a painful state.
I was recently at an ashram enjoying a morning of chanting, meditation and satsang. After the session we were invited to stay for chai and cake. There was some complaining among the ashramites on the taste of the chai. One preferred a lot of ginger and the other preferred less ginger. A wise voice from the corner of the room chimed in, “The amount of spice in the chai is already there. The choice is to drink the chai or not to drink the chai.” Ah! If it were only as simple as not drinking the chai! But not complaining about the chai is a good example of how the mind works.
There will always be reasons to not practice, or to complain about the practice: illness, injury, job or family circumstances will pull us away. But we are encouraged to get back on track as soon as we can. When I broke my foot, I did a lot of arm yoga. When I broke my wrist, I did a lot of work on my legs. There is always something to work on. And it is important to celebrate what we have and can do as opposed to what we may have lost or can’t do. And while Patanjali is talking about the mind here, you cannot separate the mind from the body as the nerves reach to all parts of the body. The two are inter-connected.
The role of the mind is one of the most important things to consider in your practice. When I don’t practice, I often find my mind making excuses: I’m too tired, I don’t have time, I have to do this first, … When I do exert tapas (effort) to get to my mat and practice, whether I feel like it or not, I end up having a great practice; I just had to get past my mind. When there is that inevitable hiatus, for whatever reason, it is important to cultivate patience and beginner’s mind. Our tendency is to call upon memory and tell ourselves that we used to be able to do something and so we should be able to do that now. It is easy to injure yourself coming back to practice that way. I’ve heard a rule of thumb that helps me be patient when beginning again and that is to allow two days for every one day off. And while it is true that you have to be careful to not let your ego get in the way when you start again, no progress is ever truly lost. While I used to bemoan any injury I had as a set-back, I have come to realize, that over the long term, I have spent much less time being injured than I have not being injured. And that my practice, when consistent is stronger than ever.
Finally, I’d like you to consider this quote from Henry Ford as you think about the role your mind has in your practice: “Whether you think you can or you think you can’t, you will be right.” It doesn’t guarantee immediate results, but over a long period of time, without interruption, it can become the rock you stand on!